Marx believed that the rising Western European business class of the 17th and 18th centuries played a progressive role in sweeping away feudalism and preparing the way for capitalism and democracy. He also drew on the work of other revolutionary thinkers, including Karl Marx. Trotsky’s theory drew on his observations of experiences in the Russian revolution of 1905, in which he played a leading role. It was introduced in Results and Prospects, which was published in 1906, and more fully developed in The Permanent Revolution, published in 1930. Leon Trotsky’s theory of Permanent Revolution is one of his most important theoretical contributions.
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